Umbilical Cord Infection Symptoms and Proper Responses
In developed nations, umbilical cord infections (UCIs) are uncommon, affecting approximately 0.1% of babies. However, UCIs remain a leading cause of death in newborns worldwide, emphasising the importance of early detection and prompt treatment.
After birth, common signs and symptoms of UCIs primarily appear as the umbilical stump heals and falls off. Key indicators include:
- Foul-smelling discharge: The presence of white or yellow pus with a bad odor coming from the umbilical stump is a strong sign of infection. - Redness and swelling around the stump: The skin surrounding the cord base may become red, irritated, and swollen. - Bleeding or active oozing: While a few drops of blood when the stump falls off can be normal, active bleeding is abnormal and may indicate infection. - Pain or sensitivity: The baby may cry or show discomfort when the cord or surrounding skin is touched, suggesting inflammation or infection. - Umbilical granuloma: This is a small, moist, reddish lump appearing after the cord falls off, which may ooze clear or yellow fluid. Though not always infected, granulomas can become infected and require medical attention.
Infections that develop after birth may cause the cord stump to change color or bleed. Other warning signs include poor feeding, lethargy, fever, and in severe cases, seizures.
Infections that occur before delivery may not cause specific symptoms, but there may be signs of infected amniotic fluid. Factors such as chorioamnionitis (an infection within the womb that can spread to the amniotic sac and umbilical cord), rupture of the amniotic membranes 24 hours or more before delivery, and the use of unclean instruments during delivery may increase the baby's risk of developing a UCI.
Preventive measures include following proper umbilical cord care practices, such as washing hands before touching the cord, avoiding unclean instruments, and paying attention to changes in the shape or appearance of the umbilical cord stump.
It should be noted that an infected umbilical cord stump can lead to serious complications such as tetanus or septicemia if untreated, both of which are life-threatening in newborns. Therefore, any signs of infection should prompt immediate medical evaluation and care.
In summary, parents and caregivers should watch for foul odor, pus, redness, swelling, bleeding, or pain around the umbilical cord stump as common signs and symptoms of UCIs after birth. Early detection and treatment are crucial for ensuring the best possible outcomes for newborns.
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- Umbilical cord infections (UCIs) are a serious concern for newborns worldwide, with timely detection and prompt treatment crucial for ensuring positive outcomes.
- Preventive measures like proper umbilical cord care practices and attentive monitoring for signs of infection can significantly reduce the risk of complications for newborns.
