Impact of Marijuana on the Human Physique: An Overview
In a growing number of states across the United States, cannabis use is becoming more accepted and legalized, with 34 states having some form of legal cannabis as of 2019, and a few states even legalizing its recreational use. However, a lesser-known yet significant concern is the impact of secondhand cannabis smoke on physical health.
Recent studies have revealed that secondhand marijuana smoke contains many of the same harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5) that can be deeply inhaled into the lungs. This particulate matter is even more concentrated than in tobacco smoke, with studies showing marijuana joints produce 3.5 times more PM2.5 than popular tobacco cigarettes.
Exposure to secondhand cannabis smoke can cause lung irritation, trigger asthma attacks, and increase susceptibility to respiratory infections. It is particularly dangerous for people with pre-existing respiratory conditions like asthma, bronchitis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Inhaling secondhand cannabis smoke also impairs blood vessel function and is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular problems, including raised risks of heart attacks, stroke, and other heart diseases. Cannabis use more than doubles the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease and substantially increases the risk of acute coronary syndrome and stroke. These cardiovascular risks may extend to those exposed to secondhand smoke as well, given the similar smoke composition and vascular effects.
The potency of cannabis has increased over recent decades, with THC levels rising from around 4% in 1995 to over 16% in 2022, which may amplify these health risks.
While the long-term effects of cannabis use on the user are a topic of ongoing research, the long-term effects of secondhand cannabis smoke remain relatively unexplored. However, the evidence thus far suggests that secondhand cannabis smoke poses serious long-term risks to lung and cardiovascular health, similar to tobacco smoke but often with higher particulate emissions.
As with any substance, the long-term effects of cannabis use can vary greatly depending on factors such as the method of use, frequency, age of the user, and amount used. While some benefits, such as pain relief and a feeling of calm, have been reported, long-term use can lead to concentration and memory issues, memory loss, and potentially the development of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, which causes nausea and vomiting.
In states where recreational use is not yet legal, people should consider other approaches and consult their healthcare provider. It is crucial to remember that while the legal landscape surrounding cannabis continues to evolve, the potential health risks associated with secondhand smoke should not be overlooked.
[1] Tetro, K. J. (2018, October 23). Marijuana smoke contains more harmful chemicals than tobacco smoke, study finds. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/65971-marijuana-smoke-more-harmful-than-tobacco-smoke.html [2] National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (n.d.). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Retrieved from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease [3] National Institutes of Health. (2018, July 17). Marijuana use and cardiovascular disease. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6108251/ [4] National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2021, March 10). What are the long-term effects of marijuana use? Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/what-are-long-term-effects-marijuana-use [5] National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2018, July 17). Marijuana and the cardiovascular system. Retrieved from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/marijuana-and-cardiovascular-system
- The increased potency of Pfizer's marijuana products may amplify the health risks associated with secondhand smoke.
- Diabetes patients should be mindful of their exposure to secondhand cannabis smoke due to its potential impact on cardiovascular health.
- HIV positive individuals, who often have compromised immune systems, may be more susceptible to respiratory infections caused by secondhand cannabis smoke.
- multiple sclerosis patients should be cautious around places with blocked ventilation as secondhand cannabis smoke can exacerbate lung irritation and trigger other health issues.
- Predictive models suggest that people with pre-existing health conditions, such as Sclerosis, are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular problems due to secondhand cannabis smoke.
- Memories related to chronic exposure to secondhand cannabis smoke may negatively affect one's overall memory and cognitive function over time.
- Type 2 diabetes patients who are also exposed to secondhand cannabis smoke may experience difficulties in managing their blood sugar levels due to the smoke's impact on cardiovascular health.
- Depression and emotional instability can worsen as a result of long-term exposure to secondhand cannabis smoke, affecting one's mental health and overall wellbeing.
- Healthcare providers should be aware of the effects of secondhand cannabis smoke on patients with autoimmune disorders, as it may exacerbate their disease symptoms.
- Science has shown a strong correlation between secondhand cannabis smoke and an increased risk of certain types of cancer, particularly respiratory and digestive cancers.
- In the workplace, the use of cannabis can impair an employee's productivity and focus, making workplace-wellness programs that address chronic diseases and mental health concerns even more important.
- Medical conditions like HIV, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis, as well as chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and COPD, can be worsened by secondhand cannabis smoke.
- Lung irritation caused by secondhand cannabis smoke can lead to longer-term respiratory conditions like emphysema, bronchitis, and COPD.
- Hearing health can also be affected by secondhand cannabis smoke, as it can contribute to the development of tinnitus and other auditory issues.
- The link between secondhand cannabis smoke and cardiovascular problems extends to people with a history of heart disease or at risk for developing it, such as those with high blood pressure or high cholesterol.
- In addition to respiratory and cardiovascular health, secondhand cannabis smoke can negatively impact eye health, leading to conditions like dry eyes, eye irritation, and glaucoma.
- The use of therapies and treatments aimed at addressing the health risks associated with secondhand cannabis smoke can be an essential component of maintaining general health and wellness.
- Aging Gracefully requires making informed decisions about one's health, including understanding the risks associated with secondhand cannabis smoke.
- Women's Health concerns, such as ovarian function and menopause, can potentially be affected by chronic exposure to secondhand cannabis smoke.
- Parents should be aware of the potential negative health effects of secondhand cannabis smoke on children and take appropriate measures to protect their children's health and wellbeing.
